Serveur d'exploration Nissiros

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Surface and subsurface facies architecture of a small hydroexplosive, rhyolitic centre in the Mesoproterozoic Gawler Range Volcanics, South Australia

Identifieur interne : 000234 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000233; suivant : 000235

Surface and subsurface facies architecture of a small hydroexplosive, rhyolitic centre in the Mesoproterozoic Gawler Range Volcanics, South Australia

Auteurs : M. W. Roache [Australie] ; S. R. Allen [Australie] ; J. Mcphie [Australie]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:1FC1085D03F251C375962ABEEE3963282751F917

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Abstract: At Menninnie Dam, South Australia, a drilling program has revealed a complete section through the subsurface feeder system and erupted products of a small, hydroexplosive, rhyolitic centre within the Mesoproterozoic Gawler Range Volcanics. Porphyritic rhyolite intruded near-vertical faults in the Palaeoproterozoic basement and at less than a few hundred metres depth, interacted with fault-hosted (hot?) groundwater. Hydrofracturing of the wall rock occurred in advance of and at the margins of the rhyolitic intrusions. The rhyolitic intrusions have peperitic margins and grade into discordant lithic-rich PB facies. The advancing fragmentation front intersected the palaeosurface, triggering phreatic eruptions that deposited a poorly sorted, lithic-rich explosion breccia. Rhyolite then rose to the surface through the intrusive breccias and shallow-seated magma–water interaction occurred in the conduit within <50m of the surface. As the magma discharge rate increased, “dry” explosive activity prevailed. A fall deposit, the top of which is welded, was deposited close to the vent, and in more distal locations (>800m from the inferred source), the products include muddy sandstone and pumice breccia. At the end of the eruption, rhyolitic lava was extruded in the form of a small dome. The presence of contemporaneous Pb–Zn–Ag mineralisation in the wall rocks suggests that an active hydrothermal system may have been involved in the formation of the Menninnie Dam hydroexplosive volcanic centre.

Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0377-0273(00)00208-0


Affiliations:


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Le document en format XML

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<term>Blocky rhyolite clasts</term>
<term>Breccia</term>
<term>Breccia facies</term>
<term>Centre</term>
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<term>Maar</term>
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<term>Magmatic</term>
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<term>Matrix</term>
<term>Menninnie</term>
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<term>Mineralisation</term>
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<term>Palaeoproterozoic</term>
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<term>Palaeosurface</term>
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<term>Phreatomagmatic</term>
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<term>Pumice breccia facies</term>
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<term>Rhyolite clasts</term>
<term>Rhyolitic</term>
<term>Rhyolitic centre</term>
<term>Roache</term>
<term>Sandstone</term>
<term>Shallow levels</term>
<term>Sillitoe</term>
<term>Subsurface</term>
<term>Subvertical</term>
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<term>Surv</term>
<term>Tuff</term>
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<term>Volcanology</term>
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<term>hydrothermal</term>
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<term>phreatic</term>
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<term>Centre</term>
<term>Clast</term>
<term>Conduit</term>
<term>Crystal fragments</term>
<term>Diatremes</term>
<term>Discordant</term>
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<term>Drill hole</term>
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<term>Eruption</term>
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<term>Hydrothermal</term>
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<term>Intrusion</term>
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<term>Intrusive breccias</term>
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<term>Magmatic</term>
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<term>Shallow levels</term>
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<term>Subsurface</term>
<term>Subvertical</term>
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<term>Surv</term>
<term>Tuff</term>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: At Menninnie Dam, South Australia, a drilling program has revealed a complete section through the subsurface feeder system and erupted products of a small, hydroexplosive, rhyolitic centre within the Mesoproterozoic Gawler Range Volcanics. Porphyritic rhyolite intruded near-vertical faults in the Palaeoproterozoic basement and at less than a few hundred metres depth, interacted with fault-hosted (hot?) groundwater. Hydrofracturing of the wall rock occurred in advance of and at the margins of the rhyolitic intrusions. The rhyolitic intrusions have peperitic margins and grade into discordant lithic-rich PB facies. The advancing fragmentation front intersected the palaeosurface, triggering phreatic eruptions that deposited a poorly sorted, lithic-rich explosion breccia. Rhyolite then rose to the surface through the intrusive breccias and shallow-seated magma–water interaction occurred in the conduit within <50m of the surface. As the magma discharge rate increased, “dry” explosive activity prevailed. A fall deposit, the top of which is welded, was deposited close to the vent, and in more distal locations (>800m from the inferred source), the products include muddy sandstone and pumice breccia. At the end of the eruption, rhyolitic lava was extruded in the form of a small dome. The presence of contemporaneous Pb–Zn–Ag mineralisation in the wall rocks suggests that an active hydrothermal system may have been involved in the formation of the Menninnie Dam hydroexplosive volcanic centre.</div>
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